Symmetric Gibbs measures

We prove that certain Gibbs measures on subshifts of finite type are nonsingular and ergodic for certain countable equivalence relations, including the orbit relation of the adic transformation (the same as equality after a permutation of finitely many coordinates). The relations we consider are defined by cocycles taking values in groups, including some nonabelian ones. This generalizes (half of) the identification of the invariant ergodic probability measures for the Pascal adic transformation as exactly the Bernoulli measures---a version of de Finetti's Theorem. Generalizing the other half, we characterize the measures on subshifts of finite type that are invariant under both the adic and the shift as the Gibbs measures whose potential functions depend on only a single coordinate. There are connections with and implications for exchangeability, ratio limit theorems for transient Markov chains, interval splitting procedures, `canonical' Gibbs states, and the triviality of remote sigma-fields finer than the usual tail field

The Welfare Defence: Military Security and Social Welfare in Denmark from 1848 to the Cold War

In this article, I discuss the connection between security and social policy strategies in Denmark from 1848 up to the 1950s. Denmark is not the first country that comes to mind when discussing the connections between war, military conscription, and social reforms. Research into social reforms and the role war and the military play in this field has traditionally focused on superpowers and regional powers. The main argument in the article is that even though we do not find policy-makers legitimizing specific welfare reforms using security policy motives, or the military playing any significant role in policy-making, it is nevertheless relevant to discuss the links between war and welfare in Denmark. This article focuses on three historical periods where the Danish state was under pressure: First, the decades from 1848 to the end of the 19th century, during which the military challenge from Germany influenced Danish state building. Second, the interwar period, during which Danish society was under severe strain from political radicalization and growing international tensions, culminating with the German occupation of Denmark (1940-45); and lastly, the early Cold War period (1947-1960), marked by the fear of conflict between the superpowers and the risk posed by an internal enemy (the communists). In all three periods, external and internal security threats influenced the welfare agenda in Denmark by evoking questions on the use of social policy for loyalty building and the safeguarding of the country’s democracy as well as trade-offs between welfare and military

Study on Perception-Action Scheme for Human-Robot Musical Interaction in Wind Instrumental Play

制度:新 ; 報告番号:甲3337号 ; 学位の種類:博士(工学) ; 授与年月日:2011/2/25 ; 早大学位記番号:新564

Images of the Nordic welfare model : Historical layers and ambiguities

Throughout the twentieth century, the Nordic welfare model has been attributed different characteristics and connotations. The notion of a Nordic model was constructed during the gradual transformation of the five Nordic nation states into welfare states. We argue that this can be described as a ‘modelization’ process driven by national and regional interests articulated in an international context. We focus on four historical phases: the formative phase of modern social policy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, the interwar period, the Cold War period, and the ongoing post-Cold War era. In the concluding discussion, we explain the stickiness of the image of a Nordic model by highlighting several dualisms in the uses of the concept that allowed not only for the settling of conflicting interests but also for the continuation over a century of both continuities and discontinuities.Peer reviewe

The Geometry of T-Varieties

This is a survey of the language of polyhedral divisors describing T-varieties. This language is explained in parallel to the well established theory of toric varieties. In addition to basic constructions, subjects touched on include singularities, separatedness and properness, divisors and intersection theory, cohomology, Cox rings, polarizations, and equivariant deformations, among others.Comment: 42 pages, 17 figures. v2: minor changes following the referee's suggestion

Magnetometry with entangled atomic samples

We present a theory for the estimation of a scalar or a vector magnetic field by its influence on an ensemble of trapped spin polarized atoms. The atoms interact off-resonantly with a continuous laser field, and the measurement of the polarization rotation of the probe light, induced by the dispersive atom-light coupling, leads to spin-squeezing of the atomic sample which enables an estimate of the magnetic field which is more precise than that expected from standard counting statistics. For polarized light and polarized atoms, a description of the non-classical components of the collective spin angular momentum for the atoms and the collective Stokes vectors of the light-field in terms of effective gaussian position and momentum variables is practically exact. The gaussian formalism describes the dynamics of the system very effectively and accounts explicitly for the back-action on the atoms due to measurement and for the estimate of the magnetic field. Multi-component magnetic fields are estimated by the measurement of suitably chosen atomic observables and precision and efficiency is gained by dividing the atomic gas in two or more samples which are entangled by the dispersive atom-light interaction.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figure

Hvad er vigtig pædagogisk viden om socialt udsatte børn i daginstitutionen? Pædagogstuderendes faglige viden, rettet mod udsatte børn i daginstitutionens pædagogiske arbejde

Tidligere og nuværende forskning, knyttet til pædagogisk arbejde med udsatte børn i daginstitutionens pædagogiske praksis, har i høj grad fokuseret på enten daginstitutionens strukturelle udformning, muligheder og begrænsninger i arbejdet med denne gruppe børn eller på de professionelle pædagogers kompetencer til at udføre det pædagogiske arbejde. Dette forskningsprojekt bidrager imidlertid med en ny og meget relevant vinkel på det pædagogiske arbejde med udsatte børn i daginstitutionen, idet der i herværende sammenhæng sættes fokus på den pædagogiske professionsuddannelse og udforskes, på hvilke måder uddannelsen forbereder de studerende på deres fremtidige arbejde i daginstitutionen med udsatte børn